Fat Bears depend on salmon to fatten up for hibernation. Unfortunately some habitats and ecosystems have been disrupted by man. Salmon must swim upstream to complete their lifecycle, but sometimes dams and roads block the river. In addition to replacing culverts like in the Salmon Super Highway project, engineers have designed some other ways to help the salmon get upstream. Examples include:
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NOAA - What is a fish ladder |
So what is a mishoon? During the 17th century, the mishoon–a traditional Native American canoe–was the most common boat in North American waters. A typical 17th-century mishoon was created from a giant tree and capable of carrying 40 men.
So how does one create a mishoon? Picking the tree is the first step of course. After the tree is selected, it was burned down by wrapping clay around the trunk and burning the roots. The log would then be worked with using fire. By burning into the widest point of the tree a natural keel is created, where the bottom of the boat is thicker than its sides. Historically, mishoons were burned 24 hours a day, since the longer the fire was maintained the hotter it would get. Typically, it would take about 10-12 days for mishoons to be created in the 17th century. Although this seems like a long time, trees during this period were typically over 150 feet tall and 6 feet wide, capable of creating the mishoons that could carry 40 men. |